Powdered milk and liquid milk may seem similar at first glance, but these two dairy options have notable differences.
While both originate from cows, one undergoes a unique transformation process, turning it into a convenient, shelf-stable powder.
In this article, I’ll uncover the distinctions that set powdered milk apart from its liquid counterpart, how to use each, and which one you should choose!
Comparing powdered milk vs milk
| Powdered milk (nonfat) | Cow milk (including whole, 2%, skim, etc.) | |
| Type | Animal-based | Animal-based |
| Common allergens | Milk | Milk |
| Vegan? | No | No |
| Paleo? | No | No |
| Keto? | No | No |
Powdered milk and liquid milk come from the same source – cow milk. Milk (powdered or liquid) is typically not consumed on a paleo diet and it’s high in carbs and sugar, so it’s not keto-friendly either.
See the best milk for keto and paleo!
Differences between powdered milk and milk
The primary difference between powdered milk and liquid milk is the water content.
Powdered milk, also known as dry milk, is milk from which almost all of the water content has been removed. The moisture content in powdered milk is typically less than 5%, and it is achieved through a process called evaporation. This removal of water makes it possible for powdered milk to have a much longer shelf life compared to liquid milk, as bacteria and enzymes have less moisture to thrive on.
Liquid milk, whether it’s whole milk, skim milk, or any other variety, contains a significant amount of water, typically around 87-90%. This high water content contributes to its liquid state and shorter shelf life compared to powdered milk.
Liquid milk has a fresh and natural taste, and its texture is smooth and creamy. Powdered milk, when reconstituted with water, often has a slightly different taste and texture compared to fresh liquid milk. Some people describe it as having a slightly cooked or heated flavor due to the heat used in the drying process. The texture may also be slightly grainy or chalky, especially if it’s not properly reconstituted.
Types of cow’s milk
Cow’s milk comes in a variety of options:
Whole milk (3.5% milk fat): This is the creamiest and richest variety of cow’s milk, thanks to its higher fat content.
2% milk (reduced-fat): As the name implies, this milk has had some of its fat content removed, resulting in a lighter option that still retains a good amount of creaminess.
1% milk (low-fat): This version of milk has even less fat content than 2% milk, striking a balance between creaminess and lower fat content.
Skim milk (non-fat): If you’re looking for a virtually fat-free option, skim milk is your go-to. It’s the result of removing almost all of the milk fat.
Lactose-free milk: Designed for those with lactose intolerance, this milk has had the lactose (a natural sugar) broken down, making it easier to digest.
Raw cow milk (whole): Straight from the cow without processing, raw milk maintains its natural fats and nutrients.
Flavored milk: Chocolate, strawberry, and other flavors add a delightful twist to traditional milk.
How to use powdered milk vs milk
Powdered milk and liquid milk can be used interchangeably in various recipes and applications, but there are some differences in how they are used due to their distinct characteristics. Here’s how you can use powdered milk and liquid milk:
Powdered milk:
- Baking recipes
- Coffee creamer
- Smoothies and shakes
- Homemade yogurt
- Cream-based soups, sauces, and casseroles
- Instant hot cocoa
- Pancake and waffle mix
- Emergency food storage
Liquid milk:
- Cereal, granola, or oatmeal
- Sipping on its own
- Scrambled eggs
- Mashed potatoes
- Creamy pasta sauces
- Bread dough
- Creamy milkshakes
Can you substitute powdered milk for milk?
You can substitute powdered milk for liquid milk in various recipes (baking, cooking, beverages, etc.), but you’ll need to reconstitute the powdered milk with water first.
Follow the instructions on the packaging for the correct ratio of powdered milk to water. Typically, you’ll need to mix about 1/4 cup of powdered milk with 1 cup of water to create an equivalent to 1 cup of liquid milk.
Keep in mind that there might be a slight difference in taste and texture when using reconstituted powdered milk compared to fresh liquid milk. Powdered milk can sometimes have a slightly different flavor profile due to the processing it undergoes during drying.
Nutrition: Powdered milk vs milk
When it comes to nutrition, powdered milk and liquid milk share many similarities. Both are excellent sources of calcium, vitamin D, and other essential nutrients.
However, the drying process used to make powdered milk can cause a reduction in some heat-sensitive vitamins, such as vitamin C and some B vitamins. However, powdered milk is often fortified with vitamins A and D to compensate for these losses.
Powdered milk typically has a lower fat content compared to liquid milk since it’s often made from skimmed or nonfat milk. The fat content of liquid milk varies based on the type. Whole milk contains around 8 grams of fat per 1 cup, while lower-fat options like skim milk have very little fat.
| Per cup (237 ml/8 oz.) | Calories | Total fat (sat. fat) | Total carbs | Total sugars (incl. added) | Protein | Calcium | Vit D |
| Powdered milk (nonfat) – equivalent of one cup liquid milk | 80 | 0 g | 12 g | 12 g (0 g) | 8 g | 20% DV | 15% DV |
| Whole milk | 160 | 8 g (4.5 g) | 11 g | 10 g (0 g) | 8 g | 25% DV | 10% DV |
| 2% milk | 130 | 5 g (3 g) | 12 g | 12 g (0 g) | 8 g | 25% DV | 10% DV |
| 1% milk | 110 | 2.5 g (1.4 g) | 13 g | 12 g (0g) | 8 g | 25% DV | 10% DV |
| Skim milk (nonfat milk) | 90 | 0 g | 13 g | 12 g (0 g) | 8 g | 30% DV | 25% DV |
How to store powdered milk and milk
Powdered milk generally has a much longer shelf life compared to liquid milk. The removal of water prevents the growth of bacteria and spoilage organisms, which means that powdered milk can be stored for an extended period without refrigeration. A cool, dark pantry or cupboard is an ideal location for storing powdered milk.
Liquid milk requires refrigeration to slow down the growth of bacteria and to maintain its freshness. Pay attention to the expiration or “use-by” date on the milk carton. Consume the milk before this date to ensure it’s at its best quality.
Powdered milk vs milk: The ultimate verdict
Powdered milk isn’t quite the same as liquid milk. Sure, it has a long shelf life and portability, making it a good choice for emergency situations or camping, but liquid milk is better overall. Not only does liquid milk taste fresher and creamier, but it also retains more of its natural nutrients since it’s not subject to the drying and processing that powdered milk undergoes.
FAQs:
Both options have their merits in terms of nutrition. Powdered milk can be a practical choice, but liquid milk might offer a more immediate source of nutrients due to its freshness.
Absolutely! Milk powder can be an excellent substitute in recipes that call for liquid milk. Just remember to adjust the water content accordingly.
It’s not necessarily “better,” but milk powder has the advantage of lasting much longer and being more versatile in various situations.
Not exactly. While they both come from cows, the moisture removal process in powdered milk affects its taste, texture, and even nutrient levels to some extent.
